Charles morrow



(Model.) O. MORROW. SPRING HINGE.

No. 434,877. b Patented Aug. 19, 1890.

UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES MORROl/V, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE CHICAGO SPRINGBUTT COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

SPRING-HINGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 434,877, dated August19, 1890.

Application filed January 3, 1890. Serial No. 335,836. (Model) To allwhom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES MORROW, a resident of Chicago, in the countyof Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Spring- Hinges, of which the following is herebydeclared to be a full, clear and exact description, sufficient to enableothers skilled in the art to which such invention appertains to [0 makeand use the same.

The invention relates to spring-hinges, and more especially to such asare one Way or single acting, and is direct-ed particularly to theimprovement of hinges wherein the spring acts positively to hold thedoor, &c., either open or closed, the spring serving to restore the doorto one or the other position, according to the amplitude with which thedoor is swung.

The object in view is to simplify and cheapen the structure and topromote the efficiency in operation of spring-hinges, especially ofthose of the class named; and to this end the invention consists in thepeculiarities in organization and construction, substantially ashereinafter described, and pointed out by claims at the conclusion ofthe description.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of 0 the hinge. Figs. 2 and 3are views in cross section on lines 00 a: and z z of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is acentral section on line yy of Fig. 1. Fig.

5 is a detail perspective view of the crankshaft detached. Fig. 6 is adetail (under) 3 5 view of the open-slot radius-arm and its wrist-pin.Fig. 7 is a sectional detail of the spring'chamber, showing thetrunnion-seat.

Near the ends of the hinge-leaf A and proj ect-ing upwardly from theinner margins thereof extend the radius-anus Ct to, which carry thepintles 0, these latter being preferably cast in one piece with the armsand finished with an acorn or other like ornamental terminahif desired.From the companion leaf B extend in like fashion the radius-arms bb,these arms being furnished, respectively, with the eye d and the openslot 6 to receive the pintles c, projecting inwardly from the oppositeradius-arms a a. The open slot 6 is cas- 5o ily made in casting the armI), so that in ordinary practice only the eye cl requires to be drilledforfitting. The arms I) b are easily set upon the pintles c, and, beingmounted in position, the stops f g on the adjacent arms a I) encountereach other ultimately to limit the outward swing of the hinge. In normalrelation the abutting margins of the flat leaves 66 b may contact toarrest the swinging movement.

Between the pairs of radius-arms ct b a Z) and the inner edges of thehinge-leaves A B extend the trunnion-seats h. These seats areconveniently cast in one piece with the pintle leaf A and as a part ofthe hollow chamber 0, this latter being preferably of semi-cylindricalcontour and terminating at its free end in near proximity to theinnermargin of the eye-leaf B. Sufficient space is left between the adjacentedges of the chamber C and leaf B to allow either of them to swing awaywithout encountering the other, the direction of swing being determinedby the use of the hinge, whether for right or left hand turn. Thetrunnion-seats h afford journalbearings for the trunnion-shaft D, whicheX- 7 5 tends axially between them, and is provided with the terminalcrank It. The trunnionshaft D is usually made with a series oflongitudinal grooves therein, one of which, as at 0, is carried throughthe trunnion proper p to the extreme end of the shaft D. A coilspring Esurrounds the trunnion-shaftD and at one terminal projects outwardly toengage a hole orlike stop in the pintle-leaf A. The

opposite end of the spring E is inturned, and,

being admitted along the slot-groove o, permits the spring to slidefreely upon the shaft until fully set thereon. The'inturned end of thespring locks against the edges of'its groove,

and so retains the spring in tightercoil'when go the shaft D is rotated011 its bearings. A lug or lip Z, set upon the shaft D in near relationto the terminal crank k, serves with the latter to snugly embrace thewall of the trunnionseat h, and thus holds the trunnion-shaft 5 againsttheend-thrustin either-direction. The lug Z acts also as a convenientbearingfor the final coil of the spring E, and in fixing the positionthereof so far tends to prevent the slip of the spring under the windingaction of' the crank-shaft. Near its outer end the crank it has a studan, over which fits the heel of the connecting-link F, the forward endor bill of such link hooking over the wrist-pin n, on the radius-arm b.The connecting-link F is thus pivoted loosely at both its ends andadjusts itself easily to the varying position of the parts during theswinging movement, acting also to hold the slotted seat of the hingeleafsnugly in position against its pintle.

When the swing begins, the crank-shaft D 70,

through the medium of the link F and radiusarm a, turns the spring E incloser coil, thereby increasing the tension thereon, so that it tends toreturn the door to its normal position on release of the power. If thedoor be swung so far as to carry the wrist-pin n beyond the extremeouter limit (or tangent) of its radial travel about the pintle 0, suchwrist-pin in its new relation acts, through the medium of the linkF,crank-shaft D 7c, in like fashion, as before, and in retreating fromthe tangent tends to draw the door to its open position and to hold itthere, the'stops f g contacting to arrest the swing.

The construction and arrangement of the parts as here proposed produce aspringhinge which is cheap and simple in its make, easily and quicklyfinished and fitted together, and strong and efficient in operation.

Except for finish and for the better protection of the coil-spring E, itis manifest that the hollow chamber 0 can be dispensed with entirely,retaining merely the end pieces or trunnion-seats h. So, also, othermodifications may be practicedwvithin the skill of the mechanic toeffect without departing from the spirit of the invention, which inconsequence is not limited to the precise details set forth.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, ,is 1. The combination, with the hinge-leavesjoined pi-votally together and having the trunnion-seats extendedbetween them, of the trunnion-shaft bearing upon said seats and having aterminal crank, the coil-spring mounted about said shaft .and retainedat one end thereby and secured at its opposite end to the adjacenthinge-leaf, and the link-connection between said crank and the radiusarmon the companion leaf, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the hinge-leaves joined pivotally together, ofthe hollow housing extended between and from one of said leaves andfurnished with trunnion-seats, the trunnion-shaft bearing upon saidseats and having a terminal crank, the coil-spring mounted about saidshaft and retained at one end thereby and secured at its opposite end tothe adjacent hinge-leaf, and the link-con nection between said crank andthe radiusarm on the companion leaf, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the hinge-leaf having projecting radius-armsand axial pintles, of the companion leaf having opposite radiusarms witheye and open slot, respectively, to engage said pintles, and acoil-spring pivotally linked to the open-slot radius-arm and at itsother end secured to the opposite hingeleaf, whereby the radius-arms areheld in place and the hinge is free to turn under stress of the spring,substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the hin ge-leaf having projecting radius-armsand axial pintles, of the companion leaf having opposite radiusarms witheye and open slot to engage said pintles, respectively, thetrunnion-seats extending between said leaves and sustained by one ofthem, the trunnion-shaftrestin g thereon and furnished with a terminalcrank,.and the connecting-link pivoted to said crank and to a wrist-pinon the leaf radius-arm having the open slot, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the hinge-leaves joined pivotally together andwith the trunnion-seats extending between said leaves and sustained byone of them, of the trunnionshaft mounted in such seats, said shaftbeing furnished with a terminal crank and with an inner retaininglug orlip to engage the wall of the trunnion-seat between them, the shaftbeing provided also with a longitudinal way or groove, the coil-springinclosing said shaft and having one end inturned to slide and rest insaidgroove and its other end outturned and secured to the adjacenthinge-leaf, and the connecting-link joined pivotally to the terminalcrank of the trunnion-shaft and to the companion hinge-leaf oppositethat which sustains the end of the coil-spring, substantially asdescribed.

CHARLES MORROVV.

Witnesses:

JAMES H. PEIRCE, JOSEPH KEENE.

